部分倒裝

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

部分倒裝

部分倒裝是指把謂語(yǔ)的一部分(助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)置于主語(yǔ)之前。 這類句型主要有以下幾種形式：

(1)當(dāng)否定詞或帶有否定意義的詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)， 常用部分倒裝。 這類詞或短語(yǔ)有： little, few, never, seldom, rarely, by no means, not only, not until, at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, in no way, no sooner, hardly, scarcely等。

Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.

不僅要給那些找工作的人提供幫助， 而且也要給那些有需要的人提供醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。

(2)當(dāng)only修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)， 用部分倒裝。

 (2014·湖南高考單項(xiàng)填空)Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.

只有當(dāng)你找到內(nèi)心的平靜時(shí)你才能與他人保持良好的關(guān)系。

(3)so/neither/nor置于句首時(shí)， 用部分倒裝。

①“so＋be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)” 表示前面所說(shuō)的肯定情況也適合于另一人或物， 意為“……也是如此” 。

—I’ve got an enormous amount of work to do.

——我有大量的作業(yè)要做。

—So have I.

——我也如此。

②“neither/nor＋be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)” 表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一人或物， 意為“……也不這樣” 。

This is not my story, nor is it the whole story. My story plays out differently.

這并不是(關(guān)于)我的故事， 它也不是故事的全部。 我的故事是不同的。

(4)在so/such... that... 結(jié)構(gòu)中， 當(dāng)“so＋形容詞/副詞” 或“such＋名詞” 位于句首時(shí)， 用部分倒裝。

 (2016·杭州五校第一次聯(lián)考)So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family were at a great loss. 他突然患病， 全家人全然不知所措。

(5)在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中， 當(dāng)從句的表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞位于句首時(shí)， 用部分倒裝。 如果位于句首的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞， 其前不加冠詞。

 (2016·天津六校第一次聯(lián)考)Hard as they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind.

盡管他們盡力了， 但他們還是沒(méi)能讓她改變主意。

(6)在非真實(shí)條件句中， 條件句中的if省略時(shí)， 助動(dòng)詞had, were, should提到主語(yǔ)前面。

Should he (＝If he should)come, tell him to ring me up. 如果他來(lái)了， 告訴他給我打電話。

【高考考向】

倒裝句是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，也是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的難點(diǎn)，同時(shí)又是高考考查的熱點(diǎn)。部分倒裝是指把謂語(yǔ)的一部分(助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)置于主語(yǔ)之前。 精準(zhǔn)把握各種條件下部分倒裝尤為重要。

【高考真題】

【2011全國(guó)卷I 28】Only when he reached the tea-house ______it was the same place he’d been in last year.

  A. he realized         B. he did realize     C. realized he          D. did he realize

【答案】D

【考點(diǎn)】本題考察倒裝句。

【解析】Only引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首，應(yīng)把主句中動(dòng)詞的助動(dòng)詞提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。

【2011福建卷29】—It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink!

—I’m glad you like it.

A.I have had     B. I had    C. have I had   D. had I

【答案】C

【考點(diǎn)】考查時(shí)態(tài)及倒裝。

【解析】never是否定副詞，置于句首，句子要部分倒裝；由語(yǔ)意可知說(shuō)話人以前從未喝過(guò)這樣特別的飲料，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選C項(xiàng)。

【2011湖南卷32】Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours _______a decision  

A. they reached        B. did they reach       C. they reach        D. do they reach

【答案】B

【考點(diǎn)】本題考察only前置的倒裝句。

【解析】Only引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句前置，主句主謂要部分倒裝。又因?yàn)閺那拔闹械?quot;had discussed"判斷出是過(guò)去時(shí)間，故選B；句意：只有在他們討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題好幾個(gè)小時(shí)之后他們才作出決定。

〖10四川〗We laugh at jokes, but seldom _______about how they work.  

A. we think       B. think we      C. we do think        D. do we think    

〖答案〗D

〖考點(diǎn)〗考查倒裝。

〖解析〗seldom為否定副詞放句首, 用部分倒裝, 故選D。句意為 “我們因笑話而笑, 但很少去思考笑話怎樣讓我們笑。”

【學(xué)生學(xué)情分析】

學(xué)生在近期的學(xué)習(xí)中暴露的主要問(wèn)題是不能很好區(qū)別部分倒裝和完全倒裝，對(duì)部分倒裝的所有條件不夠熟練。。

【建議變式練習(xí)】

1. __________fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.   

A. Would you be     B. Should you be     C. Could you be     D. Might you be

2. __________when we passed by its nest.

A. Up into the blue sky did the bird fly     B. Up into the blue sky the bird flew

C. Up into the blue sky flew the bird       D. Flew up into the blue sky the bird

3. Only if a teacher gives permission __________ to enter the room.   

A. a student is allowed B. is a student allowed  

C. does a student allow D. a student allowed

4. I noticed that across the street __________ with books in his hands.   

A. my teacher stood  B. my teacher standing  C. did my teacher stand  D. stood my teacher

5. __________ in a tiny cabinet were four Mother's Day poems I'd written for her in the 1960s.   

A. Hidden     B. Hiding     C. Being hidden D. To be hidden

6. He didn’t have a holiday abroad__________he retired from teaching three years ago.

A. until    B.when    C. that    D. had

7. Only when the police showed her the evidence__________ that she had stolen the money.   

A. she admitted     B. she had admitted     C. did she admit     D. had she admitted

8. When asked about that horrible experience, Sue told me that so __________ in the darkness at that time that she didn't dare to move an inch.   

A. she was scared     B. was she scared     C. scared she was     D. scared was she

9. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent__________ properly in this hospital.   

A. can be the patients treated B. can the patients be treated

C. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients

10. On the surface of the water__________, which spoiled the beautiful scenery of the park.   

A. some dead leaves did float B. some dead leaves floated

C. floated some dead leaves D. did some dead leaves float

11. I decided to do a random act of kindness last year. And__________ that the person I would end up helping most would be myself.   

A. I little knew    B. little did I knew    C. little did I know    D. little I knew

12. Not until they were introduced to each other __________ they had met at a dinner party.   

A. they realized    B. had they realized    C. they had realized    D. did they realize

13. Try ________ she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.   

A. If     B. as     C. since     D. when

14. __________, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.   

A. Although much he likes her B. Much although he likes her

C. As he likes her much D. Much as he likes her

15. So _______that in spite of the rare disease, he managed to live as rich and full a life as we do.   

A. optimistic and determined Marty was     B. was Marty optimistic and determined

C. Marty was optimistic and determined     D. optimistic and determined was Marty

16. Only after Mary read her composition the second time ________the spelling mistake.   

A. did she notice    B. she noticed    C. does she notice    D. she has noticed

17. Around this point __________, which is humorous and full of a strong local flavor.   

A. the story develops B. does the story develop

C. develops the story D. the story developed

18. In my driving lesson, a traffic rule that impressed me most is that in no time ________ when the traffic lights turn red.   

A. all vehicles should stop B. should all vehicles stop

C. should stop all vehicles D. stop all vehicles

19. There, __________Mrs. Smith, showing her pupils how to put a logo onto the new torch.

A. standing on the platform was B. was standing on a platform

C. on a platform was standing D. was on a platform standing

20. He would be in better health now __________ with too much work when young.

A. had he not burdened himself B. if he was not burdened

C. were he not burdened D. had he not been burdened himself

21. __________ we can take some measures to cut the losses to the minimum.

A. As earthquakes are difficult to predict      B. Are as earthquakes difficult to predict

C. Difficult are as earthquakes to predict         D. Difficult as earthquakes are to predict

22. Maybe you have been to many famous restaurants, but nowhere else _____on such nice ducks.

A. you can feast     B. can you taste     C. you can taste     D. can you feast

23. _______he listened to me, he’d have passed the exam.

   A. Were      B. Had     C. Had had     D. Has

24. Not only_________a pay increase, but __________ reduced hours.

   A. the workers want; do they want B. want the workers; they want

   C. do the workers want; they want           C. do the workers want; do they want

25. ________she not busy in writing a book, she would have gone to the party.

   A. Were     B. Had     C. Should     D. Was

26. ________are the days when our village was poor and backward.

   A. Going     B. Gone     C. Those     D. There

27. I hadn’t been to New York before and ___________.

   A. so was Jane     B. nor was Jane     C. neither had Jane     D. neither was Jane

28. No sooner_______he sat down________the phone rang.

   A. had; than     B. had; when      C. when; had     D.had; did

29. It wasn’t until Tom enterd the university___________he realized the importance of time.

   A. when     B. when that     C. that     D. and

30.  ------Where is your father?

    -------Oh,_______.

A. here he comes    B. he here comes    C. here does he come    D. here comes he

撰文：李清秀 楊佳順

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