非謂語動(dòng)詞做后置定語

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

非謂語：在復(fù)合句中，動(dòng)詞的非謂語三種形式來做名詞的后置定語。

三種形式：

（一）：V-ing，與前面名詞主動(dòng)關(guān)系

（二）：V-ed，與前面名詞被動(dòng)關(guān)系

（三）: To do 不定式，與前面名詞關(guān)系（表將來或表目的）

【高考考向】

主要考查：

不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞都可以作定語，主要區(qū)別在于它們的時(shí)態(tài)意義和語態(tài)意義不同。一般來說，不定式表示將來意義，用于表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在分詞表示其邏輯主語主動(dòng)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，并含有進(jìn)行意義；而過去分詞表示的是其邏輯主語的被動(dòng)和完成的動(dòng)作。

主要思想方法：

非謂語做定語，其邏輯主語就是所修飾的名詞。通過判斷分詞和邏輯主語的關(guān)系來選擇分詞。

考查形式：語法填空，短文改錯(cuò)

例句分析：

1.（2021四川成都英語試卷）It is hard for people to move forward with a strong wind_____hard.

A. blown     B. blowing   C. to blow

答案解析：選B. 在此句中，主句不缺成分，在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，blow 與前面名詞wind是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用非謂語的V-ing形式。在高一的with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)講解中會(huì)有相同的語法結(jié)題方式。

2. The girl saw a dog       on the road and was frightened.

A. lie      B. lies     C. lay      D. lying

答案D

解題思路方法一：現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)--see sb doing sth,強(qiáng)調(diào)看到正在做某事。

解題方法二：動(dòng)詞非謂語與前面修飾的名詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用非謂語V-ing形式。

【高考真題】

1, Mrs. Smith has a son       Jimmy.

A. called       B. calling      C. calls      D. to call

2, Yesterday my mum had her ears____ so that she could wear earrings.

A. pierce        B. pierced      C. piercing     D. pierces

3, He wants to have his TV____.

A. Repairing     B. repaired     C. to repair

4, The TV show       the Undersea World let many people see____under the sea.

A. called; how life was like             B. called; what life was like

C. was called; what was like this        D. was called; what life was like

5 - -Why did you move to Bejing?

----______with other cities, Beiing is proved the most_________.

A. Compared; exciting            B. Comparing; boring

C. Compared; polluted            D. Comparing; crowded

【學(xué)生學(xué)情分析】

非謂語做定語，其邏輯主語就是所修飾的名詞。學(xué)生們無法判斷分詞和邏輯主語的關(guān)系從而來選擇正確的非謂語。

【建議變式練習(xí)】

1.To return to the problem of water pollution. I’d like you to look at a study _______ （conduct） in Australia in 2012.

2.In art criticism， you must assume the artist has a secret message ______（hide） within the work.

3.The park was full of people _______（enjoy）themselves in the sunshine.

4.There are still many problems ________ （solve）before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.

5.The manager received a call from a applicant _________(ask) for further information. 

撰文：羅苑

圖片：無

審核：丁勁松

上傳：楊佳順